Estrategias para la gestión del riesgo biomecánico y las condiciones de salud musculoesquelética de los trabajadores del sector administrativo en Latinoamérica

Abstract

En la actualidad, los trastornos musculo-esqueléticos (TME) son una de las mayores problemáticas a nivel mundial, considerándose estos como una de las principales causas de morbilidad ocupacional en países de América Latina. Principalmente en trabajadores del sector administrativo, que, debido a la naturaleza de sus funciones, están sujetos a diversos riesgos provocados por las posturas prolongadas y mantenidas, el esfuerzo y los movimientos repetitivos.

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar literatura científica relacionada con los trastornos musculo-esqueléticos, a fin de determinar las condiciones de salud de los trabajadores del sector administrativo y las principales estrategias empleadas en Latinoamérica para su gestión.

Currently, musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are one of the biggest problems worldwide, being considered one of the main causes of occupational morbidity in Latin America. Mainly in workers in the administrative sector, who due to the nature of their functions, are subject to various risks caused by prolonged and maintained postures, effort and repetitive movements. The objective of this study was to analyze scientific literature related to musculoskeletal disorders to determine the health conditions of workers in the administrative sector in Latin America and the main strategies used for their management. Fifty (50) scientific articles published between 2011 and 2021 referring to biomechanical risk and musculoskeletal health conditions of administrative personnel were reviewed, which were compiled from different databases (Dialnet; Google Scholar; Scielo, etc.), with the purpose of identifying the most relevant risk factors and consolidating some of the recommendations generated by experts for their management.